which city is known as gate of european trade

[57] An attempted student uprising against Prussia led by Gottfried Benjamin Bartholdi [de] was crushed quickly by the authorities in 1797.[58][59][60]. [55] The mayor of the city stepped down from his office due to the annexation,[56] and also notable city councilor Jan (Johann) Uphagen, historian and art collector, whose Baroque house is now a museum, resigned as a sign of protest against the annexation. Council members are elected directly every four years. The city's name is thought to originate from the Gdania River,[9] the original name of the Motława branch on which the city is situated. Biographie einer Stadt, Munich 2011, p. 24. [43] The local mayor pledged allegiance to the King during the incorporation in March 1454 in Kraków,[44] and the city again solemnly pledged allegiance to the King in June 1454 in Elbląg, recognizing the prior Teutonic annexation and rule as unlawful. The area of the region was thus extended from 7,394 to 18,293 square kilometres (2,855 to 7,063 sq mi) and the population rose from 1,333,800 (1980) to 2,198,000 (2000). In 1815, after France's defeat in the Napoleonic Wars, it again became part of Prussia[54] and became the capital of Regierungsbezirk Danzig within the province of West Prussia. [126] Approximately 1% (100,000) of the German civilian population residing east of the Oder–Neisse line perished in the fighting prior to the surrender in May 1945. 1. Learn more about international trade in this article. [62] This led to a considerable tension between the local German administration and the Republic of Poland. Gdańsk is the starting point of the EuroVelo 9 cycling route which continues southward through Poland, then into the Czech Republic, Austria and Slovenia before ending at the Adriatic Sea in Pula, Croatia. The German name, Danzig, is pronounced [ˈdantsɪç] (listen). Primary sources record a massacre carried out by the Teutonic Knights against the local population,[31] of 10,000 people, but the exact number killed is subject of dispute in modern scholarship. [92] Today Gdańsk is a major shipping port and tourist destination. The city's ambiguous political status was exploited by Germany, furthering tension between the two countries, which would ultimately culminate in the Invasion of Poland and the first clash of the Second World War just outside the city limits, followed by the ethnic cleansing and executions of Polish population and ultimately flight and expulsion of the German-speaking majority of the city's population in 1945. Free trade among its members was one of the EU's founding principles, and it is committed to opening up world trade as well. [63] Polish children were refused admission to public Polish-language schools, premises were not allowed to be rented to Polish schools and preschools. Surat has also been called the gate to Mecca because many pilgrim ships set sail from here. [64] German militias carried out numerous beatings of Polish activists, scouts and even mailmen, as "punishment" for distributing the Polish press. Solidarity's leader, Lech Wałęsa, became President of Poland in 1990. Surat was the gateway for trade with West Asia via the Gulf of Ormuz. Among the items commonly traded are consumer goods, such as television sets and clothing; capital goods, such as machinery; and raw materials and food. Mariacka Gate, Straganiarska Gate, Cow Gate, Pachołek Hill – an observation point in Oliwa, Department of Ancient Art – contains a number of important artworks, including, Ethnography Department – in the Abbot's Granary in Oliwa, Railways: The principal station in Gdańsk is, From 1 October 2018 selected circuits of line 31 from, Academy of Physical Education and Sport of Gdańsk (, TNOiK – Towarzystwo Naukowe Organizacji i Kierowania (Scientific Society for Organization and Management) O/Gdańsk, IBNGR – Instytut Badań nad Gospodarką Rynkową (The Gdańsk Institute for, Settlers from central Poland migrating voluntarily, 2020: Spanish health workers on the front line against, This page was last edited on 24 December 2020, at 22:53. Since 1454, the city was authorized by the King to mint Polish coins. However, since Stephen's armies were unable to take the city by force, a compromise was reached: Stephen Báthory confirmed the city's special status and her Danzig law privileges granted by earlier Polish kings. [citation needed] Amber processing is also an important part of the local economy, as the majority of the world's amber deposits lie along the Baltic coast. Gdańsk is divided into 34 administrative divisions: 6 dzielnicas and 28 osiedles. Gdańsk lies at the mouth of the Motława River, connected to the Leniwka, a branch in the delta of the nearby Vistula River, which drains 60 percent of Poland and connects Gdańsk with the Polish capital, Warsaw. Though his exact fate is not known, it is believed that Constantine was killed leading a last desperate attack against the enemy. On the first day of the war, approximately 1,500 ethnic Poles were arrested, some because of their participation in social and economic life, others because they were activists and members of various Polish organisations. Więcej pytań niż odpowiedzi", http://www.kurierkolejowy.eu/aktualnosci/22716/Jeszcze-szybciej-z-Warszawy-do-Gdanska.html, "Państwowa Komisja Wyborcza: Wybory samorządowe", "Geografia wyborcza – Wybory samorządowe – Państwowa Komisja Wyborcza", "Wybory Samorządowe 2010 – Geografia wyborcza – Województwo pomorskie – – m. Gdańsk", "Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery of the Polish Academy of Sciences", "The Gdańsk Institute for Market Economics", Extensive Danzig, East & West Prussian Historical Materials, Defence of the Polish Post Office in Danzig, Monument to the Fallen Shipyard Workers of 1970, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, American Foundation for AIDS Research (AMFAR), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, Spanish Organization for the Blind (ONCE), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gdańsk&oldid=996169859, Populated places established in the 10th century, Cities and towns in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles with Polish-language sources (pl), Articles with dead external links from September 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Articles with dead external links from July 2020, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Articles containing Kashubian-language text, Articles with disputed statements from August 2010, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with German-language sources (de), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source 1: World Meteorological Organization, Bayer Shared Service Centre – finance & accounting, Cognor – steel, engineering, capital goods, Energa Trading – electrical and heat energy, Polnord Energobudowa – construction company, Transcom WorldWide – business processing outsourcing, Weyerhaeuser Cellulose Fibres – cellulose fibre manufacturing, OIE Support – education services (part of, brick gothic town gates, i.e. Trade and commerce in the medieval world developed to such an extent that even relatively small communities had access to weekly markets and, perhaps a day’s travel away, larger but less frequent fairs, where the full range of consumer goods of the period was set out to tempt the shopper and small retailer. this project has been financed with the support of the european commission. The end of World War II is a significant break in continuity with regard to the inhabitants of Gdańsk. [32][34], The knights colonised the area, replacing local Kashubians and Poles with German settlers. Autumn comes in September and is at first warm and usually sunny, turning cold, damp, and foggy in November. At latest in 1263 Pomerelian duke, Swantopolk II. [130], Poles from other parts of Poland replaced the former German population, with the first settlers arriving in March 1945. [45] On 25 May 1457 the city gained its rights as an autonomous city. Wazny, Tomasz; Paner, Henryk; Golebiewski, Andrzej; Koscinski, Bogdan: Early medieval Gdańsk/Danzig revisited (EuroDendro 2004), Rendsburg 2004, ‘The Slippery Memory of Men’: The Place of Pomerania in the Medieval Kingdom of Poland Join now. [65] German students attacked and expelled Polish students from the technical university. [32] The events were used by the Polish crown to condemn the Teutonic Knights in a subsequent papal lawsuit. Opening additional gates, the Ottomans poured into the city. In English (where the diacritic over the "n" is frequently omitted) the usual pronunciation is /ɡəˈdænsk/ or /ɡəˈdɑːnsk/. Completing the CAPTCHA proves you are a human and gives you temporary access to the web property. Colonization. Its opposition to the Communist regime led to the end of Communist Party rule in 1989, and sparked a series of protests that overthrew the Communist regimes of the former Soviet bloc. Gdańsk has a climate with both oceanic and continental influences. Gdańsk is home to the University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk University of Technology, the National Museum, the Gdańsk Shakespeare Theatre, the Museum of the Second World War, the Polish Baltic Philharmonic and the European Solidarity Centre. [5] Gdańsk has also topped rankings for the quality of life, safety and living standards worldwide.[6][7][8]. [47] With the Great Privilege, the town was granted full autonomy and protection by the King of Poland. Italy makes up the bulk of the Italian Peninsula, but it also includes the independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City. This part of the city is sometimes referred to as the Royal Route, since it was once the former path of processions for visiting Kings of Poland. July and August are the warmest months. Hanover ( / ˈhænoʊvər, - nəv -/; German: Hannover [haˈnoːfɐ] ( listen); Low German: Hannober) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Lower Saxony. The European Union is one of the most outward-oriented economies in the world. From Prague to Rome to Seville, and everywhere in between, these cities are stunning centers for art, fashion, food, and more. When Poland regained its independence after World War I with access to the sea as promised by the Allies on the basis of Woodrow Wilson's "Fourteen Points" (point 13 called for "an independent Polish state", "which should be assured a free and secure access to the sea"), the Poles hoped the city's harbour would also become part of Poland. Some of the other Medieval towns in Europe may be more compact or have their city walls preserved, but Prague has an unmatched vibe that helps bring you back to the past. [64] Due to such policies, only 8 Polish-language public schools existed in the city, and Poles managed to organize 7 more private Polish schools. • Gaining free and privileged access to Polish markets, the seaport prospered while simultaneously trading with the other Hanseatic cities. "[19] No further written sources exist for the 10th and 11th centuries. Nagasaki. Despite being within the EU territories, Albania is not part of the European Union. [27] A year later, with the First Peace of Thorn, it returned to the Teutonic Order. About Prague: With a city center largely untouched by WW2 bombings that crushed other national capitals, Prague is the best preserved large Medieval city in Europe. The city also hosts St. Dominic's Fair, which dates back to 1260,[4] and is regarded as one of the biggest trade and cultural events in Europe. The Gate To Europe Program with headquarters in Dubai/UAE and offices in Croatia and Germany/EU, is specialized in the field of investment programs leading to residency permit and citizenship status in various countries in the EU. Boosted by heavy investment in the development of its port and three major shipyards for Soviet ambitions in the Baltic region, Gdańsk became the major shipping and industrial centre of the People's Republic of Poland. Hungary is a major player in the European sex trade, not only as a host country for sex tourism and domestic punters, but also as a major provider of the labour force that works in western European countries. [77][dubious – discuss] Nazi secret police had been observing Polish minority communities in the city since 1936, compiling information, which in 1939 served to prepare lists of Poles to be captured in Operation Tannenberg. Another way to prevent getting this page in the future is to use Privacy Pass. [78] Many Poles living in Danzig were deported to Stutthof or executed in the Piaśnica forest. Performance & security by Cloudflare, Please complete the security check to access. Fanning out, the Ottomans began moving through the city … granted city rights under Lübeck law to the emerging market settlement. Troy, ancient city in northwestern Anatolia that holds an enduring place in literature and archaeology. 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