Fisher et al found supporting evidence for the cognitive interview in real-world studies when 16 police officers interviewed 47 people twice who were victims of crime themselves or witnesses. Participants learnt material either drunk or sober and found participants struggled with recall more when trying to retrieve the information in a state that is different from the time of encoding. Topic 3: Attachment. The model is also unable to explain how musical memory works as participants may be able to listen to instrumental music without impeding their performances in other acoustic tasks. A Level Psychology – Types of Memory. This suggests high levels of anxiety in situations do not always divert attention away from what is happening. Therefore the model is incomplete as an explanation which is a major weakness. The unit code is 7181/7182 and covers both AS & A-level. Semantic long-term memory is linked to episodic long-term memory with semantic memories formed based on experiences that occur. Those exposed to “smashed” gave the highest estimates (41mph) while “contacted” resulted in the lowest speed estimate (30mph), demonstrating how leading questions could influence memory recall. Forgetting memory questions. They have to retrieved consciously with effort. By ensuring adverts are spaced significantly far apart from the airing of rival brands or by repeating more on one day rather than over the weak with rival brands, this can help avoid dilution of adverts. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. State-dependent failure would occur when the internal state of the person is different from when the information was encoded. 2 Use your knowledge of psychology to describe how the factor you have identified in question 03.1 affects the accuracy of memory. Recall the event from different points of view or perspectives of what others may have seen again to reduce the influence of an individuals schema on recall. However Christianson (1993) et al found contradicting evidence. This is also subdivided into episodic memory and semantic memory. ... Memory. Paper 1. Repeat studies have concluded similar findings leading researchers to conclude leading questions and misinformation can affect recall. High school year books were obtained from participants. Researches using 18 divers, 36 unrelated words. Also provides a bridge between working memory and long-term memory. The practical application here is that establishing eyewitnesses level of arousal/anxiety may be key in court evidence to determine the validity of their account. AQA A-level Psychology Exam Papers and Practice Questions 2017; Past Paper question Memory. This highlights how short-term memory is not a single store as the MSM suggests. Due to this, results gained in such settings may lack external validity and wider generalisation. A Level Psychology – Modelling Memory. It is the collection of past personal experiences that occurred at a particular time and place. strengths of research into misleading information, -very useful real life applications, can be used to improve the way police deal with eye witness testimonies, limitations of research into misleading information, -the tasks are artificial, loftus and palmer used film clips instead of a real life situation. Question paper (Modified A3 36pt) (A-level): Paper 3 Issues and options in psychology - June 2018 Published 1 May 2019 | PDF | 194 KB. One critical question varied between conditions with one group asked how fast the vehicles were going when they “hit” each other while other groups had verbs implying different degree’s of a collision such as “bumped, smashed, contacted, collided”. Study Flashcards On AQA Psychology, Memory at Cram.com. Abernethy (1940) found that after participants had learnt various material, they showed greater difficulty with recall when they were tested by an unfamiliar teacher in an unfamiliar room compared to a familiar teacher and familiar room. Semantic coding is mainly associated with the frontal and temporal lobes with an opinion on semantic long-term memory being mixed; some argue the hippocampus is involved while others believe several parts of the brain play a role. They were asked to do this 8 times, on each trial they were told to stop after different amounts of time- 3,6,9,12,15 or 18 seconds. The iconic register processes vision, the echoic register process sound and the haptic register process touch. Description AQA Psychology Memory quiz for AS. This study used real police officers and real witnesses meaning the study had high external validity to real-world application. However, this was a single case study of one individual and may lack external validity to wider generalisation due to possible individual differences. Capacity for the CE is very limited and it receives information from the senses or from long-term memory. This means that the efficiency of eyewitness testimony depended on the level of stress/anxiety with low and high amounts of anxiety resulting in poorer recall while moderate levels of anxiety yielded the best and most optimum level of recall and performance. For example, an old mobile number is recalled when trying to recall the new mobile phone number. The prefrontal cortex is seen to relate to short-term memory while the hippocampus is associated with longterm memory, supporting the model’s idea of different memory stores. Memory - AQA A Level Psychology Revision 1. AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level R. Webb, H. Westergaard. 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