Theory of evolution was given by Charles Darwin. No two individuals are absolutely alike in a population. Change in colour is an inherited trait so it is transmitted to the next generation and can provide survival advantages to the species. Age of the fossil can be estimated by: (a) Digging the layer of the earth- deeper the fossil, older it is and nearer the surface would be more recent ones. Heredity information is present in the fertilized egg or zygote. Variations are these changes and process is evolution. (c) A dominant trait will be expressed in both heterozygous and homozygous conditions while recessive traits will be expressed only in homozygous condition. Q.25 Describe the role of environmental factors in sex determination. Vestigial organs are those organs, which are rudimentary and functionless in the evolved forms but are well developed and functional in the ancestral forms. Acquired traits are not inheritable. [CBSE 2017], Name the organisms Mandel used for his experiment. Homologous organs explain this well. [CBSE 2012], “Only father is responsible for the sex of a new born child”. Homologous organs- Forelimbs of lizard and forelimbs of bird. (b) When the two chromosomes in the homologous pair are different that’s why one is dominant and other recessive such that pair is said to be heterozygous. It’s important component is DNA. Colour change needs not always give survival advantages. Q.14 What is the condition for Mendel’s second law to be valid? Hence it is more appropriate to compare the process of evolution with branches of a tree than with a ladder. “DNA copies generated during reproduction will be similar but may not be identical to the original.” Justify the statement. Q.48 How do homologous organs provide evidence in support of evolution? m = checkTime(m); (i) The similarities of structure and origin of organs indicate that all vertebrates had common ancestors. This is because the alleles of a pair separate during gamete formation and again come together after fertilization. Answer: According to Lamarck’s theory of use and disuse, giraffes had to stretch their necks and forelimbs for feeding on leaves of tall trees because of which these organs were elongated. Genes are passed from parents to offspring’s via chromosomes present in the nuclei of the parents’ gametes. This clearly provides evidence in favour of organic evolution. Vedantu Biology Master Teacher Amrit Sir sir takes you through the Guaranteed 5 Marks Questions of Heredity and Evolution Chapter. Q.75 Explain the importance of fossils in deciding evolutionary relationships: Age of fossils can be found out by estimation of the depth of the layer of the rocks in which it is found. Q.2 What is the study of heredity and variation called? Q.47 Describe the contribution of Lamarck? Karnataka SSLC Class 10 Science Important Questions Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution Q.70 What is palaeontology? [CBSE 2013], Give an example where sex determination regulated by environmental factors. [CBSE 2012, 2013, 2016], Why is it more appropriate to compare the process of evolution with branches of a tree rather than with a ladder? What are the different ways in which it can occur? Variation means some individual diversity in the organism of one generation from that of the parental generation. This is the property used as a tool in genetic engineering. This is how variation helps in continuation of species. Ask your doubts related to UP Board or CBSE Board and share your knowledge with your friends and other users through Discussion Forum. (i) Geographical isolation. (ii) Chromosomes are made up of DNA and protein. [CBSE 2008], How do we know how old a fossil is? Mention the limitation of Darwinism. Answer: Heredity refers to the process by which certain features (heritable characteristics) are transmitted from parent to offspring. (ii) turtle-High incubation temperature leads to develop female offspring. //var today = now.getFullYear()+"-"+(month)+"-"+(day); [CBSE 2013, 2017, 2018, 2019], Mendel took tall pea plants and short pea plants and produced F1 progeny through cross-fertilization. (ii) Law of Dominance - Each gene has more than one form of expression. Cells use chemical reaction to build copies of their DNA. transmission of characters or traits from parents to their offspring (children Her doctor, a sincere medical practitioner explained and successfully convinced Anita. This leads to accumulation of variation, which results in evolution. • In a lizard, Agama agama, high incubation temperature results into development of a male. CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter-9 Heredity and Evolution Important Questions – Free PDF Download ... Movement of individuals from one habitat to another. Sometimes these variations may give added advantage of being of the nature so as to give better adaptability in changed conditions. Free PDF Download of CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution Multiple Choice Questions with Answers. Female (50%) Male (50%). For example, shows the recessive trait for green colour of the seed. How does it increase the survival chance of a species? (ii) They are so named as they have same structural design but different function. We use ours for chewing while elephants use theirs to hold things. These are fossils. 4. Analogous organs- Wings of an insect and wings of a bat. Give the phenotypic ratio of F, The carriers of hereditary information were called factors. A chromosome which is associated with sex determination is called sex chromosome. Archeopteryx is a fossil dinosaur with wings. Explain how in sexually organisms the number of chromosomes in the progeny is maintained. Solution: A gene is a small portion of the DNA, with codes for a particular polypeptide … Why does environmentalist get worried due to small population of a species? Buy Now. (ii) Where have the earliest members emerged? Extra Questions – Heredity and Evolution – CBSE Class 10 Science According to new CBSE Exam Pattern, MCQ Questions for Class 10 Science pdf Carries 20 Marks. • Many easily identifiable and contrasting characters are present in pea plants. Q.63 Difference between homologous and analogous organs with example. Genes. Heredity and Evolution is an important chapter that covers the concepts of heredity, sexual reproduction, how evolution takes place, etc. These changes are subtle, maintaining the basic body design. Reproductive isolated is a collection of behavior, mechanism and physiological process they prevent the member of two different species which cross or mate from producing offspring or which ensure that may be produce is not fertile. (ii) By detecting the ratio of different isotopes of the same element in the fossil materials. Mendel’s second law is only valid for genes located in different chromosomes. [CBSE 2011], List and describe any two evidences for evolution. 3. Organisms raised are exact copies of their parents and are known as clones. Q1: Define Heredity. 1. Hence they cannot be inherited. [CBSE 2013], Explain how new species are produced. a. study of life b. study of life forms c. study of fertility d. study of heredity & variation 2. Mention factors due to which this can happen. [CBSE 2008], Mention the information source of making proteins in the cell. (v) The favourable variations are accumulated over a long time period leading to the origin of a new species. When only a single pair of contrasting or differentiating traits is considered in a cross (or inheritance of only one pair of contrasting traits is studied in a cross), it is called monohybrid cross, e.g ; When only a single pair of contrasting or differentiating traits is considered in a cross (or inheritance of only one pair of contrasting traits is studied in a cross), it is called, (c) The units of inheritance of characters. • Evolution simply leads to diversification. They settled in different parts and adapted. DNA is capable of replicating thus making its own copies for reproduction it is mandatory that the cell must pass on the information to the next generation since DNA is capable of dividing so it plays most important role in reproduction. [CBSE 2013], (a) If we cut the tail of a mouse, will tail occur in next generation of that mouse? i = "0" + i; Variation is useful for the survival of species over time. Sudden change in the frequency of a particular gene, due to migration, selection, mutation etc., is known as genetic drift. Speciation is isolated as a genetic change in the new speciation between two previously interbreeding population of the same species. Give reason to support your answer. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Prepare your school test and final exams with the help of Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Board Questions answers. • For example, in turtle Chrysema Picta, high incubation temperature results into development of a female. Q.61 What is meant by characteristics? The process by which we know how various life forms have come into being from the previously existing ones is known as evolution. Explain with reason (b) Dead remain of two pieces A and B were buried. [CBSE 2017, 2018], Define variation in relation to a species. 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